Secure And Transparent E‑Voting System Using Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Differential Privacy, And Self‑Sovereign Identity

Abstract

Electronic voting systems have become increasingly significant in modern democratic environments due to the growing demand for transparency, scalability, and digital accessibility. Traditional voting systems suffer from challenges such as centralized control, vote tampering, lack of transparency, operational delays, and high management costs. Although blockchain technology has emerged as a revolutionary solution for secure digital transactions, many existing blockchain-based voting systems still fail to achieve strong voter privacy, efficient scalability, and regulatory compliance. This paper presents BP‑Vot‑Lite, a secure and transparent blockchain-enabled electronic voting framework integrating smart contracts, differential privacy, and Self‑Sovereign Identity (SSI). The framework ensures voter anonymity, immutable vote storage, transparent result verification, and decentralized identity management. Differential privacy mechanisms are employed to prevent reconstruction attacks while maintaining statistical accuracy in election outcomes. Experimental analysis demonstrates improved latency, enhanced privacy preservation, and reliable performance in distributed blockchain environments. The proposed architecture contributes toward developing secure, transparent, scalable, and privacy-preserving digital election systems suitable for modern e-governance applications.